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B ENVA I'AH FITTS, OF. NEWARK, .NEW JERSEY.

Letters Patent Nb; 72,619, dated' .Decmer 24, 1867. i I

mrnovsnsnr In manine-MACHINES.

TO ALL WHOMIT MAY OONCERN:

Beit knownthat I, BENAIAH FITTS, of Newark, county-of Essex, $tate 'of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cylinder Plan'ing-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description of the construction and'operation of thesame, reference being had to the4 annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation, and

Figure 2 is a plan of the machine- The Ysame letters referring to the same parts in all. I A

The invention relates to certain improvements in that class of machines in which planing surfaces f boards, (commonly called surfacing,) and pointing or matching, sometimes called tongue and grooving, are all done with one mac`hine,and consists mainly in-the arrangement of the diderentparts, so as to perform the greatest amount vof work with the greatest convenience, it being st-constructed that it may be lchanged from a broad-surfacer to a single or double jointer, or a matcher and surfacer. Y

The construction is as follows: a is a framework supporting the other parts of the machin"e;`b b 6 b are the feed-rolls, by which the boards are fed through the machine; c is ,the cutter-cylinder, that planes the surface of the boards; d, e,f, andy, are cutter-cylinders, that `ioint or match the edges; they are made to rotate upon vertical shafts, on the lower en d of which are pulleys z'az'z', for the belts that drive them; d and g rotate in 4stationary boxes e andf rotate in movable boxes; jj are screws, that hold in place, 4cr slide back and forth,

as desired, the boxes with cutter-cylinder ef; t is'a crossbar, to which the boxes holding cutter-cylinder d e I fg are attached in such a mannerthat they4 can be-inade vto slide across the machines for the purpose ofjointing or matching different widths of boards; Z is the driving-shaft, to which power is applied, and in which are pulleys that drive the different partsof the machine; 7c 7c are gears on feed-rolls; m is a gear connecting the two parts of feed-rolls together, and is driven by gear 11,; `o is a pulley made fast to gear n, and is driven by a belt from the driving-shaft l, and thus drives the feed-rolls; p is a cone-pulley on driving-shaft for driving feed-pulley o it is so constructed, that by moving it along on the shaft the belt will run on the dierent sizes, and thus the feed-rolls may be made to run anyl speed'desired -r s isa shipper or binder, carrying a roll or pulley g', resting on feed-belt t,and used fortwo purposes, one to stop and start the feed, the other to secure the same tension onthe belt t. Where different sizes of the cone p, are'used, the arms r and .sA are connected together by the segment v,-\vhich is held in place by thumb-screw zz, and may be lengthened or shortened at pleasure. iTho arm or handle 's is held in position by a catch on the side ofthe frame. Shown at w w w w are half-twist belts, that drive the matched cylinders; A A. are the belts that drive thesurfacng-cylinder; B B the boards being plancd and jointed. E E are recesses on pla-ces formed on the-frame il to receive thecylinders e andf,when the ymachine is used as a' bread-surfacer. If it is desired to use the machine as asingle-jointer ormatcber, as would be the caso with wide boards, either c orf'may'be drawn to one side, using only ne'part of-the vertical cutters.

The operation is'as follows: Machines built for surfacing are usually required to plane twenty-four inchesv wide, but that class of lumberthat is usuallyjointed or matchechis seldom over six inches. In the machines as now constructed, the feed-belt and cone-pulley occupy much of the space-occupied in this by the belts w will; so that jointing or matching is done o n one. side of the machine only, and when it is desired to use the machine as a sul-facer, the jointer or matching-cylinder, with its vertical shafts andpu'lleys, has .to be removed entire from the machine, except in some modern improved machines, tho matching-cylinders are set in a frame, and

may b'evdropped down"out of the way; but in either, when it is required to use themagain, -muoh -time is consumed inreplacing them, as accura'cyin the height of the cutter is necessary to give an even surface..

Boards that are cut out roughly to be jointed or matched, usually'vary in width, and have to be assorted, and all that will work on-e width (saysix inches) are laid in one pile, and all that will work another width, (say. five inebes,) in another. The machine is then set for one width, and that is plancd and jointedythen it is set for the other, and that is planed. v

It will be seen by the above7described construction of this machine, two boards may be planed and jointed or matched at one time, thus doingdcuble .the work. The cutterrcylnders d and e may be set for one width, and fand g for another, and thussave the labor of assorting the boards before commencing to plane.. I

l It will be seen; too, that it may be changed into u. brond-,surfacer by simply throwing o` the belts w www and running the cutter-cylinders ef out into the recess EE, und, as the height has not been altered, they may be replaced by simply running them buck again. 4 x

One o'f the features of this machine is in' theconstructiou ofthe cone-pulley p, in connection with shipper 1' a, it being so constructed that dierentspeeds may be had, Awhile once the width of the belt in space only is occupied, thus admitting of its being placed upon one side, entiijely out of the way. The characteristic featureV is forming recesses E E in frame a, and extending the slide h'rfnr enough beyond lines drawn from the ends of cylinder c perpendicularA to'its axis, to `admit ofthe vertical or matching-cylinders e nndf being carried o out of the way ofthe boards, when the machine is'used for a. broad-surfacer. l

Thus having set forth mly invention, what I claim'as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is g Forming recesses E E in frame-a, and extending the slide t far enough, and for the purpose of transfer ring 4Vthe vertical cylinders e andV f beyond: lines drawn from th ends of cylinder c perpendicular to 'its axis,

substantially s shown and described. Y

BENAIAH FITTS;

Witnesses: y

CHARLES C. REDMQND, C. HALsur CANFIELD. 

